Nama : Surya Manogi
Kelas : 1EA23
Npm : 17212207
ECONOMIC PROBLEMS IN DEVELOPING COUNTRIES
After
understanding what is meant by economic problems, now we will try to find a
real relationship with the economic problems of our daily lives as individuals
within the family, community, nation and even the world's environment. Every
day we are always faced with economic problems. With the amount of money he
has, a student must decide whether he will buy a book, watch a movie, or
meneraktir friends. Not only the students who are facing problems like this.
Parents, teachers, civil servants are also facing the same problem. Our parents
had to take the best decisions in allocating their income to buy basic needs,
family finance his children's education, health finance also the whole family .
When
we pull further, our country was facing economic problems. For example, the
Indonesian government, in this case the Bank Indonesia every day should
determine the number of coins that need to be removed in order to mobilize the
country's economy. Similarly, the Directorate General of Taxes to be working
hard to increase tax revenues in order to finance the construction, and various
other agencies should also play its role well in order to get the nation's
economy continues to spin. In a wider scope can be said that all governments
and their citizens face economic problems.
The
question now, as developing countries, whether economic problems faced by
countries like Indonesia with the economic problems faced by the developed
countries? According to the classification established by the United Nations,
our country Indonesia, including countries in the developing world. On the
basis of whether a country can be grouped into developing countries? According
to Michael P. Todaro, a professor of economics at New York University, in his
book Economic Developments, there are 16 main problems faced by these countries,
all 5 issues are :
1. Standart Of Living The Low
In
almost all developing countries, the standard of living of most of the
population is very low. The name is not only low in global terms, ie, when
compared with the standard of living of people in rich countries, but also in
domestic, which when compared to live the lifestyle of the elite in their own
countries. Low standard of living is manifested in the form of a little amount
of income, lack of decent housing, the provision of education is minimal, or
even non-existent and the chances of getting a job are very low .
2. National Income per-Capita
Figures
total income or gross national product per capita is a concept most often used
to measure the level of economic prosperity in a country. The concept of GNP
itself is a major indicator of the size of the overall economic activity. GNP
is a monetary value (in terms of money) over all the economic activity that is
owned by a resident of a country. As you can see in the chart below, Indonesia
occupies the lowest position.
3. Relative Growth Rate of National Income and Income per-Capita
In
addition to the rate of growth of per capita income is so low, the growth of
national income (GNP) in many developing countries (or better known as the
Third World countries) is lower than that achieved by the developed countries.
Third World countries in general decline of economic growth has fallen sharply
during the period of the 1980s. During the decade of the 1980s and early 1990s,
the income gap (income gap) between rich and poor countries deeper into a very
high speed.
4. Distribution of National Income
Continue widening gap between the
level of income per capita poor countries are not the only wujud widening
difference in time between the rich countries and the poor. The important thing
to note is that the income level of the country is not the same. To some
extent, there is always the opinion kesenjagan (income inequality). Between
rich and poor in all countries, both developed countries and developing
countries there is definitely a difference or income. Only, rather than in
developing countries are far more severe or greater than those in developed
countries.
5. Poverty Rate
The level of poverty in a
country depends on key factors, namely the level of :
- The
average national income
- The width of the narrow gap in the distribution
of income. Obviously, anything that high levels of national income per capita
is achieved by a country, during the distribution of national income per capita
is achieved by a country, for equitable distribution of income, poverty levels
in the country would have remained severe. Likewise, as evenly as any
distribution of income in a country, if the national income average is not
improved, it will be more widespread destitution.
Looking at the various problems faced by expected effort to
overcome the existing problems so that developing countries can compete in the
international economy and compete with the developed countries, while the
solution is expected to solve the economic problems in developing countries :
- Improving
human resources
- It
should be the policy of the Government to promote economic progress
- Reducing dependence on foreign
Many
several developed and developing countries are experiencing rapid growth, and
there is a crisis of economic, social, and many other highly detrimental to
developing countries .
